虱子和疥疮:治疗更新。

文章的细节

引用

Gunning K, Kiraly B, Pippitt K

虱子和疥疮:治疗更新。

Am Fam医生。2019年5月15日;99(10):635-642。

PubMed ID
31083883 (PubMed视图
摘要

虱子病和疥疮是由体外寄生虫引起的。瘙痒是最常见的症状。头部和阴部虱子感染的诊断与活虱子的可视化。单凭虱子(虱卵或卵壳)不足以诊断当前的感染。不建议对返校采取“不生虱子”政策,因为即使治疗成功,虱子仍可能存在。一线的药物治疗是1%氯菊酯洗剂或洗发水。目前有较新的治疗方法,但价格昂贵,而且耐药性模式通常未知。非杀虫剂,包括二甲硅氧烷和肉豆蔻酸异丙酯,在治疗弓根病方面显示出希望。诊断出弓根病后,不需要广泛的环境净化。在成人中,存在阴部虱子应促进性传播感染的评估。 Body lice infestation should be suspected in patients with pruritus who live in crowded conditions or have poor hygiene. Scabies in adults presents as a pruritic, papular rash in a typical distribution pattern. In infants, the rash can also be vesicular, pustular, or nodular. First-line treatment for scabies is permethrin 5% cream. Clothing and bedding of persons with scabies should be washed in hot water and dried in a hot dryer. Counseling regarding appropriate diagnosis and correct use of effective therapies is key to reducing the burden of lice and scabies.

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